Search results for "Severe head injury"
showing 6 items of 6 documents
Double-Blind Study on the Effects of Steroids on Severe Closed Head Injury
1976
The results of a double-blind study on the effects of a low dose and a high dose of dexamethasone on severe closed head injury are presented. The steroid, particularly in high dose, reduced mortality, improved the neurologic course and the final outcome. Timing of steroid administration is of great importance.
Effect of Torasemide — A New Cl--Transport Inhibitor on Glial Swelling by Lactacidosis and Glutamate
1993
Cytotoxic brain edema, i.e. swelling of glial- and nerve cells is a common result of cerebral ischemia, brain trauma, metabolic disorders, and develops secondarily in vasogenic edema. During ischemia and severe head injury, brain tissue homeostasis is severely changed, and many parameters are simultaneously affected. To dissect and isolate the causal mechanisms leading to swelling of nerve- and glial cells, our laboratory has established an in vitro model [4, 5]. Thereby pathomechanisms can be studied in isolation without interference of epiphenomena taking place in damaged brain tissue under circumstances of cerebral ischemia or trauma. In previous studies the role of acidosis in cell swel…
Biochemical Factors and Mechanisms of Secondary Brain Damage in Cerebral Ischemia and Trauma
1992
A distinction between primary and secondary manifestations of brain damage from acute insults, such as trauma, or ischemia is not only of scientific interest but also of the highest clinical significance. After all, prevention of secondary brain damage in patients with severe head injury or cerebral ischemia is the ultimate purpose of treatment, including the measures of emergency care. It can be assumed that the secondary sequelae of head injury are as important for the outcome as the primary insult is. Therefore, it is obvious that development of more effective forms of treatment requires a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying secondary brain damage. Manifestations of seconda…
Ten physiological commandments for severe head injury
2020
Advances in multiparametric brain monitoring have allowed us to deepen our knowledge of the physiopathology of head injury and how it can be treated using the therapies available today. It is essential to understand and interpret a series of basic physiological and physiopathological principles that, on the one hand, provide an adequate metabolic environment to prevent worsening of the primary brain injury and favour its recovery, and on the other hand, allow therapeutic resources to be individually adapted to the specific needs of the patient. Based on these notions, this article presents a decalogue of the physiological objectives to be achieved in brain injury, together with a series of …
Dexamethasone in severe head injuries
1979
The results of a double-blind-study on the effects of placebo, a low dose and a high dose of dexamethasone on severe closed head injury are presented. 95 patients were selected and carefully analyzed according to mortality, neurological course and symptoms, midbrain lesions and final outcome. The results demonstrate that dexamethasone, particularly given in high doses, reduces mortality and improves the neurological course. The steroid treatment seems to improve chances as well as quality of survival. Apart from the dose, timing of administration is of great importance.
Organisation of care and initial management of severe head injury in Spain: Results of a national survey
2016
Abstract Objective The main objective of the study is to obtain knowledge about the organisation of care for severe head trauma as well as the initial management of these patients in Neurosurgical Departments in Spain. Material and method A 22-item questionnaire was designed and sent to 59 Neurosurgical Departments. The aim of the questionnaire was to collect data regarding the general profile of the patients with a severe head injury, the general characteristics of the hospitals, the initial care of these patients, the monitoring techniques used, and the measures used to control Intracranial pressure (ICP). Results Of the 59 Neurosurgical Departments identified, 29 (49.2%) completed the qu…